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@#Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of fall of elderly aged ≥ 60 years in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2018 ，so as to provide evidence for effective prevention and control measures． Methods Data on fall of the elderly was collected from the first diagno- sis in injury surveillance hospitals in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2018，and distribution description and epi- demiological analysis were adopted． Ｒesults 9 503 cases of fall of the elderly were reported in 5 injury surveillance hospitals，accounting for 49．41% of injuries in the elderly，and had occupied the first place in the cause of injury in 5 consecutive years． The sex ratio of men to women was 1 ∶ 1．67． Most of the patients had a primary or junior school degree，high rate in October-December，mainly occurred at home when doing leisure activities or life activities． The fall mainly led to injuries of head or lower extremities， contributed to contusion /bruise or fracture． And most of them were mild and moderate injury． Logistic re- gression showed that female，old age，high educational level，December to February，at home，walking， leisure activities and life activities were risk factors for falling among the elderly in Guangzhou ( all P ＜ 0．001) ． Conclusions Fall is the primary cause of injuries to the elderly in Guangzhou，especially the elderly female population． The targeted prevention and intervention measures should be developed ac- cording to their distribution characteristics．
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@#【Objective】To explore colonoscopy adherence and related factors among preliminary screened-positive population in Guangzhou. 【Methods】This study was a part of the Guangzhou Community-based Colorectal Cancer Screening Program. We retrospectively analyzed the 1-year follow-up data of population aged 50~74 years old and positive in preliminary colorectal cancer screening in 2015. Kaplan- Meier method was used to describe the respond time to colonoscopy examination. Cox proportional hazard model was performed to identify factors associated with colonoscopy adherence. The effect of studied factors on colonoscopy adherence was reported according to hazard ratio（HR）.【Results】 A total of 18 604 preliminary screened-positive residents were included ，among whom 4 014 completed colonoscopy examination within one year，with a colonoscopy adherence of 21.6% . Colorectal lesions were found in 2 012 cases （50.1%），of which 96（2.4%）were colorectal cancers. The adherence of 1 month，3 months and 6 months were 9.7% ，15.8% ，and 18.6% respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that those who were female ，in older age ， unmarried/widowed/divorced，without health insurance，and had a history of chronic cholecystitis or cholecystectomy were less likely to undergo colonoscopy；while those who were fecal occult blood test- positive，had colonoscopy preferential policies，worked in government or public institution，had medical insurance for urban workers，had a history of chronic diarrhea，a history of chronic constipation，a history of mucous and/or blood stool，and a history of bad life incidents were more likely to undergo colonoscopy. 【Conclusions】 This study suggested that the colonoscopy adherence of preliminary screened- positive population in Guangzhou was low and such low adherence was associated with different factors. Community health workers should timely track the completion of colonoscopy of preliminary screened-positive residents ， and take targeted measures to promote colonoscopy adherence.
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<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in China. The incidence of CRC has been increasing in recent years. The aim of this study was to explore the incidence trends and the age distribution of CRC by subsite in Guangzhou between 2000 and 2011.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 22,432 incident cases of CRC between 2000 and 2011 from Guangzhou Cancer Registry were identified. Crude incidence and age-standardized rates (ASRs), using the Segi's world standard population, were calculated for CRC and CRC subsites. The incidence trend was analyzed and the annual percentage change (APC) in incidence was calculated by using JoinPoint software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The crude incidence increased significantly from 23.4/10(5) in 2000 to 37.4/10(5) in 2011 for males and from 20.9/10(5) to 30.5/10(5) for females. The ASRs of CRC incidence stabilized during the period of 2000-2011 for both males and females. The ages at the onset of CRC for both males and females during 2010-2011 were significantly higher compared with those during 2000-2002 (males: t = 1.95, P = 0.05; females: t = 6.03, P < 0.01). For males aged 50-64 years, the CRC incidence increased by 8.50% annually (P = 0.04) during 2000-2004 and by 1.68% annually (P = 0.03) during 2005-2011. For females aged 65 years and older, the CRC incidence increased by 5.77% annually (P = 0.03) during 2000-2004. There were no significant changes for the CRC incidences in males aged 49 and younger and 65 years and older and females aged 64 years and younger during 2000-2004, or for those in all females as well as males aged 49 years and younger and 65 years and older during 2005-2011. The percentage of colon cancer in all CRCs increased significantly for both males and females between the periods of 2000-2002 and 2010-2011. The ASRs of descending colon and sigmoid colon cancer incidences increased significantly for females during 2005-2011 (APC, 5.51% and 1.08%, respectively, both P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The crude incidence of CRC increased significantly between 2000 and 2011 because of the aging, whereas the ASRs kept stable. The percentage of colon cancer in all CRCs increased significantly. Further surveillance, research, and intervention are needed to identify the causes of these changes and to reduce the incidence and mortality of CRC.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Age Distribution , Aging , China , Colorectal Neoplasms , Incidence , Sigmoid NeoplasmsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Although many studies have examined the effects of ambient temperatures on mortality, little evidence is on health impacts of atmospheric pressure and relative humidity. This study aimed to assess the impacts of atmospheric pressure and relative humidity on mortality in Guangzhou, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study included 213,737 registered deaths during 2003-2011 in Guangzhou, China. A quasi-Poisson regression with a distributed lag non-linear model was used to assess the effects of atmospheric pressure/relative humidity.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We found significant effect of low atmospheric pressure/relative humidity on mortality. There was a 1.79% (95% confidence interval: 0.38%-3.22%) increase in non-accidental mortality and a 2.27% (0.07%-4.51%) increase in cardiovascular mortality comparing the 5th and 25th percentile of atmospheric pressure. A 3.97% (0.67%-7.39%) increase in cardiovascular mortality was also observed comparing the 5th and 25th percentile of relative humidity. Women were more vulnerable to decrease in atmospheric pressure and relative humidity than men. Age and education attainment were also potential effect modifiers. Furthermore, low atmospheric pressure and relative humidity increased temperature-related mortality.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both low atmospheric pressure and relative humidity are important risk factors of mortality. Our findings would be helpful to develop health risk assessment and climate policy interventions that would better protect vulnerable subgroups of the population.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Atmospheric Pressure , China , Epidemiology , Humidity , MortalityABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the impact of the heat wave in 2005 on mortality among the residents in Guangzhou and to identify susceptible subpopulations in Guangzhou, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of daily number of deaths and meteorological measures from 2003 to 2006 in Guangzhou were used in this study. Heat wave was defined as ⋝7 consecutive days with daily maximum temperature above 35.0 °C and daily mean temperature above the 97th percentile during the study period. The excess deaths and rate ratio (RR) of mortality in the case period compared with the reference period in the same summer were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the study period, only one heat wave in 2005 was identified and the total number of excess deaths was 145 with an average of 12 deaths per day. The effect of the heat wave on non-accidental mortality (RR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.11-1.37) was found with statistically significant difference. Also, greater effects were observed for cardiovascular mortality (RR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.13-1.59) and respiratory mortality (RR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.02-1.69). Females, the elderly and people with lower socioeconomic status were at significantly higher risk of heat wave-associated mortality.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The 2005 heat wave had a substantial impact on mortality among the residents in Guangzhou, particularly among some susceptible subpopulations. The findings from the present study may provide scientific evidences to develop relevant public health policies and prevention measures aimed at reduction of preventable mortality from heat waves.</p>